Dlium

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - The genus frangipani trees ( Plumeria Tourn. ex L.) has only 18 officially recorded species and two very similar species, frangipani ( Plumeria rubra L.) and white frangipani ( Plumeria obtusa L.). Both have the same habitus, flowers and fruits and are difficult to distinguish. The leaves of both species have slightly different shapes. Therefore, the leaves are very important to distinguish the two species, especially the shape of the tip. P. rubra has simple, lanceolate leaves with acute tips. P. obtusa has simple, elliptic leaves with rounded tips. By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro . Read more: Plumeria rubra Plumeria obtusa

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - Nightshades ( Solanum L.) is a large genus of over 1230 officially recorded species that grow worldwide, especially in the tropics. Two species, the giant devil's fig ( Solanum chrysotrichum Schltdl.) and the Turkey berry ( Solanum torvum Sw.) have similar flowers and fruits. To differentiate, you need the size of the leaves. S. chrysotrichum is a small to medium-sized tree and grows mostly at elevations of 1500-2500 meters. The leaves are up to 68 cm long, up to 65 cm wide and the petioles are up to 27 cm long. S. torvum is a shrub to small tree and grows mostly at elevations of 0-1000 meters. The leaves are about 19 cm long, about 15 cm wide and the petioles are about 5 cm long. By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro . Read more: Solanum chrysotrichum Solanum torvum

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - Genus Artocarpus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. has more than 70 recorded species of which breadfruit ( Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) and breadnut ( Artocarpus camansi Blanco) grow in tropical areas, both species are medium to large trees and have many similarities. Some researchers doubt both nomenclatures. I agree that both species should be one species. A. altilis is the domesticated version and widely cultivated in its history, while A. camansi is the original or wild version and has never undergone domestication in history. Both species have overall similarities including the shape and size of habitus, stem, leaves, flowers and fruit. The only differences are in the skin of the fruit and the size of the seeds as an impact of human cultural selection. A. altilis has fruit with a pericarp in the form of small and short thorns, while the number of seeds is small and small in size. A. camansi has fruit with a pericarp in the form of larger and long...

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - The genus nightshades ( Solanum L.) has hundreds of recorded species and grows widely throughout the world. Two species that are often confused are twoleaf nightshade ( Solanum diphyllum L.) and Jerusalem cherry ( Solanum pseudocapsicum L.). Both are upright shrubs and have many similarities. S. diphyllum has smaller fruit, while S. pseudocapsicum has larger fruit. The key characteristic to distinguish the two is leaf size. Here is a key to identifying the two species. S. diphyllum has multiple fruits in a cluster. The fruits have a maximum size of 10 mm and short sepals. S. pseudocapsicum has solitary fruits. The fruits have a size of up to 15 mm and large sepals. By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro . Read more: Solanum diphyllum Solanum pseudocapsicum

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - To date, there are hundreds of species of flatbeans ( Dalbergia L.f.) and they grow widely throughout the world. The two most documented species are Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. Both are large trees and have many similarities. D. latifolia has a darker trunk, harder and heavier wood, while D. sissoo has a lighter trunk, softer and lighter wood. The key characteristic to distinguish the two is the shape of the leaves. Here is the identification key for the two species. D. latifolia has a stalk length of about 25 cm and 7-8 leaflets. The leaflets have rounded or emarginate or retuse tips, about 11 cm long and about 9 cm wide. D. sissoo has a stalk length of about 10 cm and 4-5 leaflets. The leaflets have caudate or cuspidate or aristate tips, about 8 cm long and about 5.5 cm wide. By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro . Read more: Dalbergia latifolia Dalbergia sissoo

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - To date, mahogany ( Swietenia Jacq.) is recorded as having four species: West Indian mahogany or small-leaved mahogany ( Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.), big-leaf mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla King), Honduran mahogany ( Swietenia humilis Zucc.) and Swietenia × aubrevilleana Stehlé & Cusin. The debate over the number of taxa in the genus is still not resolved. Some researchers believe that there are only two species: S. mahagoni and S. macrophylla . I agree with that opinion and the two species can only be differentiated by the size of the leaves. All species in this genus have similar morphology except for leaf size. The following is the key to identifying these two species. S. mahagoni has a stalk length of around 37 cm with 5-6 pairs of strands. The strands are about 10 cm long and about 3.5 cm wide. S. macrophylla has a stalk length of up to 45 cm with 4-5 pairs of strands. The strands are up to 31 cm long and up to 8 cm wide. By Aryo Bando...

SPECIES HEAD TO HEAD - More than 850 species in the genus figs ( Ficus ) have been documented, ranging from large trees to climbing herbs, and to date there are still many species that have not been comprehensively described. Many of them are confused considering what they have in common at first glance. Two species that have similarities and are often confused are sacred fig or Ficus religiosa L and mock bodh tree or Ficus rumphii Blume . Below is the key to identifying these two species. F. religiosa has cordate leaf bases, while F. rumphii has attenuate leaf bases. F. religiosa has fruit with wider and thicker sepals, while F. rumphii has fruit with smaller or no sepals. Read more: Ficus religiosa Ficus rumphii By Aryo Bandoro Founder of Dlium.com . You can follow him on X: @Abandoro .