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Chinese rain bell ( Strobilanthes hamiltoniana ) is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae, a shrub or low tree with erect, woody and branched stems, large leaves, trumpet-shaped flowers in panicles, growing in forests, farmlands and home gardens. S. Hamiltoniana has erect stems, cylindrical, woody, old stems have rough bark, brown with white spots, young stems are green and branching to form 3-4 new stems. The leaves are oblong, pointed tip and serrated margin, pale green top and bottom, a large vein in the middle with many pinnate small veins and bright green or blackish in color. Inflorescences in panicles with long, slender, branched stalks, growing at the ends of the stems and blooming alternately. The flowers are trumpet-shaped, long and slender aisles, five cones, bright red in color and the surface has many veins. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Acanthaceae Genus: Strobilanthes Species: Strobilanth...

Lavender sorrel ( Oxalis barrelieri ) is a species in the Oxalidaceae, shrub with erect stems, cylindrical or linear angled, slender, green, 20-150 cm tall, leaves with three strands, flowers bright red with a greenish or yellow base. O. barrelieri has leaves with three strands at the end of a long stalk, two opposite and one at the tip. The strands are oval or round or elongated, length 3 cm, width 2 cm, green and hairy, blunt ends, margins thickened and dark in color, a large vein in the center with many pinnate small veins. The flowers are star-shaped with five cones, 1 cm wide, large aisles, bright red or bluish-white and the center is bright yellow. The fruit is capsule-shaped, elongated with sharp corners, length 1 cm, width 0.5 cm and bright green. This plant grows solitary in forests, farmlands, river-side roads and lots of sun or little shade. Spesies ini digunakan sebagai obat antidiare dan anti-diabetes. Ethanol extract has antihyperglycemic potential and can also ac...

Yellow stemmed micropore ( Microporus xanthopus ) is a species of fungus in Polyporaceae, brightly colored fruit and small stalk, smooth undersurface with very small pores and hairless, M. xanthopus has a clay-like hood texture and smooth wrinkled surface, concentric pattern and reddish brown or violet in color with a lobed hood border. The undersurface is smooth and dull white or yellowish white. The stalk is centrally located, yellow or yellowish brown in color and smooth surface. The attachment to the substrate sticks directly to the twigs of weathered wood. Fruiting bodies can live annual, single or branched, hard and woody structure. Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Basidiomycota Subphylum: Agaricomycotina Class: Agaricomycetes Order: Polyporales Family: Polyporaceae Genus: Microporus Species: Microporus xanthopus

Chinese albizia ( Albizia chinensis ) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae, shade and wood-producing tree, deciduous, 30-45 m high, 70-140 cm in diameter, slightly smooth bark, dark gray with transverse teeth, lenticels, thin, faceted and hairy young branches. A. chinensis has compound leaves, multiple pinnate and 4-14 pairs of fins. The main leaf bone is 10-25 cm long, hairy with glands near the base of the petiole and at the junction of the fin bones. The cusps are large, ovate with a heart-shaped base, like a membrane with a tail at the end. The leaf fins are 4-14 cm long with 10-45 leaflets per fin, sitting and facing each other. Leaflets are elongated to form a line with a pointed tip, oblique, blue green underside, 6-13 mm long, 1.5-4 mm wide, the middle leaf bone is very close to the top edge. Compound flowers, hump-shaped, stemmed, collected again into panicles with a length of 15-30 cm. The hump has 10-20 buds. Toothed petals, 4 mm high and hairy. The crown tube is funn...

Fringed flying dragon ( Draco fimbriatus ) is a species of animal in the Agamidae, small lizards, have sail-like wings for gliding, conical beard sails, dark gray skin, live in primary, secondary and plantation forests. D. fimbriatus has a rough skin surface, wood brown or gray-brown or blackish with white and pale brown patches. The long tail and legs are similar in color. The fringed flying dragon has sails on each side of the chest that are connected to the arms by and can be spread out like wings to glide through the air. The male has a small sail under the head, triangular in shape, white with bright yellow corners. The screens on both sides of the body can be stretched or folded. This screen is a thin skin supported by six ribs. This screen is used with a chuckle to keep it from falling too quickly when sliding from one tree to another. The flying dragon will look for open branches to prepare to glide, then push its body forward and stretch the screen. They are able to glide f...

Red ruellia ( Ruellia rosea ) is a plant species in the Acanthaceae, a low shrub with erect stems with sharp linear angles, bright red trumpet flowers, growing wild in sunny areas in forests, riverbanks and farmland. R. rosea has an erect stem, rectangular or sharp angled, has branches, is green and has white hair. Leaves oblong, pointed tip, green, a large vein in the middle with many pinnate small veins and bright green. Trumpet-shaped flowers with long aisles, erect, angular, bright red, white hair, five cones. 4-5 pistil stalk with red color and whitish tip. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Acanthaceae Genus: Ruellia Species: Ruellia rosea

Variegated croton ( Codiaeum variegatum ) is plant species in Euphorbiaceae, shrubs, evergreen, monoecious, cosmopolitan, leaves have very varied shapes and colors, are widely cultivated as ornamental plants and have hundreds of varieties. C. variegatum grows to a height of 3 m, large evergreen leaves, thick, leathery, shiny, arranged alternately, 5-30 cm long and 0.5-8 cm wide. Strands can be ribbon, lanceolate, oval, elliptical, inverted ovoid and violin-shaped. Colors can be green, yellow, purple and in various patterns. The petiole is 0.2-2.5 cm long. The inflorescences are racemes, 8-30 cm long, the male is white with five small petals and 20-30 stamens, the pollen is oval and 52x32 microns in size. The female flowers are yellowish. The fruit is a capsule, 9 mm in diameter, three seeds with a diameter of 6 mm. Several hundred cultivars are selected and bred for foliage. Milk sap can cause eczema in some people. The bark, roots, sap and leaves are poisonous. The toxin is th...

Smartweed ( Persicaria barbata ) is a species of plant in the Polygonaceae, low shrub, erect or creeping stems, elongated leaves, flowers and fruit in panicles, growing in moist or stagnant places on the banks of rivers, swamps, forests and agricultural land. P. barbata has a cylindrical stem, dark green or red in color, has petiole-like borders forming internodes that allow aerial roots to grow to form separate shoots. The leaves sit opposite, elongated, slender base, pointed tip, white hair, green upper surface with dark V-shaped markings, a large vein in the middle with many small pinnate veins. Small flowers in panicles, white, growing in rows on long stalks at the end of the stem, erect and blooming all season. Smartweed grows to form colonies in places close to water or stagnant. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Polygonaceae Subfamily: Polygonoideae Tribe: Persicarieae Subtribe: Persicariinae G...

Liverwort ( Marchantia ) is a genus of plants in the Marchantiaceae, growing vines and attached to the soil surface, soft, dark green, upright phallus like a cup, grows in colonies on slopes and vertical soil that is moist and shady. Marchantia has elongated strands, rounded ends, branched, flat margins and a black vein in the middle. The strands formed a circular formation, growing widely and forming new formations around it. Sexual reproduction involves sperm from antheridia in male plants to fertilize ova in archegonia in female plants. The zygote develops into a small sporophyte which remains attached to the larger gametophyte. The sporophyte produces spores which develop into free-living male and female gametophytes. Asexual reproduction via gemmae in the cup-like structures on the upper surface of the plant. Asexual reproduction can also occur when older plant parts die and new, surviving branches develop into separate plants. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Marchantiophyta Class: ...

Pisang tanduk or plantain banana or plantain ( Musa × paradisiaca ) is a plant species in Musaceae, a giant herb with large elongated leaves, up to 4 meters high, pseudo-stem consisting of leaves and bases that unite and grow to form colonies in various habitats. M. paradisiaca has flowers at the ends of stems and will die after flowering, but branches may develop from the base of the plant. The fruits are elongated and arranged in bunches with groups of fingers arranged. The skin of the fruit is yellow when ripe, although some are orange, red, green, purple or black. Each bunch has up to 7-8 combs weighing 20-25 kg. Fruit as food is a source of energy and minerals, especially potassium. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Liliopsida Order: Zingiberales Family: Musaceae Genus: Musa L. in Sp. Pl.: 1043 (1753) Species: Musa × paradisiaca L. in Sp. Pl.: 1043 (1753) HOMOTYPIC SYNONYMS Musa × mensaria Moench in Methodus: 647 (1794) Musa × parad...

Purple sapphire ( Heliophorus epicles ) is a species of animal in the Lycaenidae, a small-medium butterfly with black wings and dark skin, black and white body and antennae, living in thickets at an elevation of 500-1500 meters. H. epicles has black forewings on the upper side with dark yellow plots in the midsection and white margins. The hind wings are black with a dark yellow band and white margins. The back is black or dark gray. The chest, abdomen and legs are black and white. A pair of antennae are black and white which alternately form rings with black tips. Purple sapphire lives by roadsides, vast grassy forests and thickets of wastelands. Eggs are laid on lower plants. Larvae tend to be plump and rest on the underside of the leaves. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Hexapoda Class: Insecta Subclass: Pterygota Order: Lepidoptera Superfamily: Papilionoidea Family: Lycaenidae Subfamily: Lycaeninae Tribe: Heliophorini Genus: Heliophorus Species: Heliophorus epic...

Cockroach berry ( Solanum capsicoides ) is a plant species in the Solanaceae, low shrub, stems and leaves have thorns, white star flowers, round fruit, grows in forests, agricultural land and roadsides. S. capsicoides has cylindrical stems, green or reddish in color, full of large, sharp spines 1 cm long. Leaves have stalks 7 cm long. The leaves are up to 15 cm long, have a sharp tip, are green, hairy, have a large vein in the middle and many small pinnate veins, both sides have large and sharp spines. The flowers are star-shaped, 2.5 cm wide, have stalks, five white ears, a yellow center and are cone-shaped. The fruit is perfectly spherical, young is bright green with dark streaks and when ripe it is bright red. This species grows in forests, agricultural land, roadsides, waterways, open and shady places, solitary or in small groups. The plant contains alkaloids, solasonine, solamargine and solanine, the steroid withanolide cilistol, capsisteroids A-F. Widely used to treat cough...

Mile-a-minute weed ( Persicaria perfoliata ) is a species of plant in the Polygonaceae, perennial shrub, growing vines with thorny stems, triangular leaves, fruits in dense clusters, growing wild in forests, farmlands and roadsides. P. perfoliata has a cylindrical, branched, reddish stem with rows of strong, downward-pointing spines. The leaves have long stalks and rows of spines. Green or reddish surface, pointed tip, three main veins with many small pinnate veins and lower surface has rows of spines. Flower buds, flowers and fruit emerge from within the ocreas. Flowers are small, white and generally inconspicuous. The fruits grow in clusters, are round, segmented, green or yellow or red or blue, each segment containing a black or reddish-black seed. Mile-a-minute weed prefers warm open areas on riverbanks, parks, open spaces, road shoulders, forest edges to very wet with poor soil structure. The fruit can stay afloat for 7-9 days and spread seeds long distances in river environmen...

Kukus grass pyrgomorph ( Atractomorpha crenulata ) is a species of animal in the Pyrgomorphidae, winged insects, medium-sized grasshoppers with a slender shape, pointed front end, short antennae, green and spends time in bushes or low trees. A. crenulata has an elongated body, slender, bright green with white spots all over. The front snout is pointed with a bluish tip. A pair of short antennae with blue at the base and green at the ends. The eyes have dark lines. The wings are the same length as the belly, linear stripes and bright green in color. The abdomen is large, cylindrical, segmented and green with a blunt tip. The legs are cylindrical, slender, bright green in color and the hind legs have rows of short spines. Kukus grass pyrgomorph lives in bushes and low trees in forests, farmlands and roadsides. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Hexapoda Class: Insecta Subclass: Pterygota Order: Orthoptera Suborder: Caelifera Infraorder: Acrididea Superfamily: Pyrgomorph...

Tapevine ( Stephania japonica ) is a species of plant in the Menispermaceae, the stem grows climbing, the leaves are triangular, the fruit is in clumps and is round or elongated. S. japonica grows vines or climbs by being wrapped around a support. The stems are branched, cylindrical, slender, green or reddish in color and hairy. The leaves have long, hairy stalks. The sheet is triangular to round, the corners are acute to round, the tip is pointed to obtuse, hairy, 10 main and radial veins, the top side is green and the bottom side is pale. The fruit has a long stalk, grows in groups, each group consists of many fruits, elongated round and bright green in color. Tapevine are often found growing wild in soils with a pH of 5.5-6.5 and an elevation of 800 meters. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Ranunculales Family: Menispermaceae Genus: Stephania Species: Stephania japonica Varieties: Stephania japonica var. discolor, Stepha...

Human ( Homo sapiens ) is a species of animal in the Hominidae, bipedal, large and complex brains that allow the development of sophisticated tools, are omnivores and have used fire to prepare and cook food, are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures. H. sapiens has a body consisting of legs, trunk, arms, neck and head. The only primate to have short, relatively flat canines and gradually lose third molars with some individuals not having them congenitally. Residual tail, appendix, flexible shoulder joints, opposing clasped fingers and thumbs, comparable density of hair follicles to other apes dominated by vellus hair which is mostly so short and thin that it is practically invisible. Average height 171 cm, has an accurate throw and is the best long distance runner in the animal kingdom. Each somatic cell has two sets of 23 chromosomes, each set received from one parent. Gametes have only one set of chromosomes as a mixture of two parent sets. XY sex determinati...

Short-horned grasshoppers ( Acrididae ) are family in Orthoptera, consisting of at least 11,000 species of grasshoppers characterized by relatively short and stocky antennae, tympanic membranes on the sides of the first abdominal segment and living in a variety of habitats worldwide. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Hexapoda Class: Insecta Subclass: Pterygota Order: Orthoptera Suborder: Caelifera Infraorder: Acrididea Superfamily: Acridoidea Family: Acrididae

Dringo flea beetle ( Altica cyanea ) is a species of animal in the Chrysomelidae, winged insects, less than 1.5 cm in size, shiny elytra and the majority are blue or at least sparkling blue, live in low bushes on forest floors and agricultural land. A. cyanea has a cylindrical head and a chewing mouth. The pair of antennae are segmented and nearly equal in length to the body. The thorax has 6 legs and 2 pairs of wings. Soft folded wings and metallic blue elytra. The abdomen, which has 9-10 segments of chitin, is ring-like and is connected to soft tissues. The larvae are black, have small bumps and have no thorns. Larvae and imago feed on the same leaves. The female produces 146 eggs and is yellowish in color. The life span from egg to death is 80-84 days. The adult beetles chew the leaves causing large holes in the leaves, while the larvae cause soft, brown-colored mesh holes. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Hexapoda Class: Insecta Subclass: Pterygota Order: Coleop...

Santa Barbara daisy ( Erigeron karvinskianus ) is a species of plant in the Asteraceae, a low herb with erect or lying stems, branches, growing along the ground or rocky cliffs, with elongated leaves and white or red and yellow disc flowers. E. karvinskianus has stems that grow from rhizomes, strong, upright or lying down, cylindrical in shape, elongated and slender up to 15 cm, has branches, old green or reddish brown, young green and white-haired. The leaves grow in rows along the stem, forming spiral panicles, elongated in shape, pointed tip, up to 5 cm long, up to 2 cm wide, a vein in the middle, green and white haired. Flowers grow at the tips of the stems, are disc-shaped white or red with yellow in the middle and up to 2 cm wide. This species grows on forest floors, rock cliffs, often grows in cracks in walls or paving and quickly spreads to carpet flowers as large colonies. TAXON Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnoliopsida Order: A...

Puspa ( Schima wallichii ) is a species of plant in Theaceae, a medium sized tree and producer of medium quality carpentry wood, spiral leaves, bell flowers, bulbous flowers, winged seeds, grows at elevations of up to 4000 meters and is widely used to make tools and construction materials. S. wallichii has a height of up to 47 meters, stems cylindrical, up to 250 cm in diameter, branch-free up to 25 meters, the bark is cracked and forms longitudinal furrows, reddish brown to dark gray, the inside is bright red. The leaves have a stalk of 3 mm and are spread in a spiral. Leaves oval to broad oblong, 6-13 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, wedge-shaped base, pointed tip, a large central vein and several lateral veins. Old leaves are green and thick, young leaves are reddish. Flowers grow in the armpits at the tips of twigs and have protective leaves. The long-lived petals become fruit. The crown is white and attached at the base with many stamens in the middle. Fruits are round or square, 2-3...

Brata ( Montanoa bipinnatifida ) is a species of plant in the Asteraceae, shrub or small tree, rarely branched, terete trunk with a soft spongy center, growing wild along forest boundaries, watercourses and disturbed land. M. bipinnatifida has stems erect, woody, rarely branched, cylindrical in shape with signs of leaf stalks such as forming internodes, bright brown or white with black spots. Stem has rows of leaves arranged opposite, long stalk, heart-shaped base, pointed tip, irregularly serrated, ciliated, has many lobes, dark green upper surface and pale green underside. Disc flowers have long stalks, white, cymose panicles, numerous at the terminal and branched. The green crown turns yellow. Brata fills the vegetation of savannas, riverbanks, ditches, rainforest edges, roadsides, neglected and disturbed lands. White flowers and attractive foliage are often used for living fences and ornamental plants. Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Magnol...